<中英对照> Title: 实验室污水处理设备的结构与材料优化设计研究 Title: Optimization of Laboratory Wastewater Treatment Equipment Structure and Material Design Research 实验室是一个完成各种科学研究与实验的场所，其中产生的污水也是无法避免的。为了保护环境，实验室需要安装污水处理设备。本文研究了如何对实验室污水处理设备的结构及材料进行优化设计。 Laboratories are places where various scientific research and experiments are conducted, and the wastewater generated therein is also inevitable. In order to protect the environment, laboratories need to install wastewater treatment equipment. In this article, we studied how to optimize the structure and materials of laboratory wastewater treatment equipment. 首先，设计时需要考虑实验室的特殊要求。实验室污水有可能混合化学试剂、生物菌液等物质，需要使用不锈钢等耐腐蚀的材料，同时考虑设备的耐压、耐温等性能。其次，需要根据实验室污水的特性，选择合适的处理方法。常用的污水处理方法有化学法、物理法、生物法等。目前，生物法在实验室应用较广，如曝气法、培养法等。最后，需要注意设备的便捷性和安全性，便于实验室工作人员进行维护和管理。 Firstly, the special requirements of the laboratory need to be considered when designing. Laboratory wastewater may be mixed with chemical reagents, biological fluids and other substances, requiring the use of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, while considering the equipment's pressure resistance, temperature resistance and other properties. Secondly, suitable treatment methods should be chosen according to the characteristics of laboratory wastewater. Common wastewater treatment methods include chemical method, physical method, biological method, etc. Currently, the biological method is widely used in laboratories, such as aeration method, cultivation method, etc. Finally, attention should be paid to the convenience and safety of the equipment, making it easy for laboratory staff to maintain and manage. 此外，为了提高污水处理设备的效率，我们还进行了结构设计的优化。在污水处理设备中，填料是重要的组成部分，因此填料的种类、曝气方式等都会影响到处理效果。我们研究发现，采用环保塑料材料作为填料，能够提高设备的耐腐蚀性和抗氧化性，并且具有良好的自净能力。此外，使用间断曝气的方式，能够增加氧气的弥散和传递，提高氧气利用率和降解效率。 In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of the wastewater treatment equipment, we also optimized the structural design. In wastewater treatment equipment, the packing is an important component, so the type of packing and aeration mode will affect the treatment effect. Our study found that using environmentally friendly plastic materials as packing can improve the equipment's corrosion resistance and antioxidant properties, and has good self-purification capabilities. In addition, using intermittent aeration can increase the dispersion and transfer of oxygen, improve the utilization rate of oxygen and degradation efficiency. 综上所述，对实验室污水处理设备的结构及材料进行优化设计，可以提高设备的效率和使用寿命，并且能够达到更好的环保效果。未来的研究可以进一步探讨如何结合成本、可行性等因素，对污水处理设备进行优化设计。 In summary, optimizing the structure and materials of laboratory wastewater treatment equipment can improve the efficiency and service life of the equipment, and can achieve better environmental protection results. Future research can further explore how to combine cost, feasibility and other factors to optimize the design of wastewater treatment equipment.